050: Demonstrative pronouns in the Instrumental
We’ve already covered Russian personal pronouns in the Instrumental case. Today let’s have a look at the demonstrative pronouns: Study the lesson »
We’ve already covered Russian personal pronouns in the Instrumental case. Today let’s have a look at the demonstrative pronouns: Study the lesson »
In the previous lesson we’ve covered the Russian personal pronouns in the Instrumental case. Today let’s learn how the possessive pronouns change in the Instrumental case: Study the lesson »
In the course of the last two lessons we have learned how to form the Instrumental case with Russian nouns. Today we will have a look at the personal pronouns in the Instrumental case. Study the lesson »
Today let’s learn how to form the Instrumental case with plural nouns. Study the lesson »
In the previous lesson we learned about the Instrumental case and the prepositions used with it. Today let’s learn how to form the Instrumental case.
For masculine nouns ending in …
… й -> replace with ем (or ём, if stressed)
… ь -> replace with ем (or ём, if stressed)
… unstressed ж, ш, ч, щ, ц -> add ем
… any other case -> add ом
дом – до́мом (house)
за́яц – за́йцем (hare)
нож – ножом́ (knife)
край – кра́ем (edge)
конь – конём (horse)
For feminine nouns ending in …
… ь -> add ю
… я -> replace я with ей (or ёй, if stressed)
… а -> replace а with ой (sometimes ою), but
… ж, ш, ч, щ, ц + a -> replace a with ей
луна́ – луно́й / луно́ю (moon)
гра́ница – грани́цей (border)
рука́ – руко́й / руко́ю (hand)
неде́ля – неде́лей (week)
ста́нция – ста́нцией (station)
дверь – две́рью (door)
Just add м to the end of a neuter noun and that’s it!
лицо́ – лицо́м (face)
окно́ – окно́м (window)
де́рево – де́ревом (tree)
зда́ние – зда́нием (building)
со́лнце – со́лнцем (sun)
жили́ще – жили́щем (habitation)
варе́нье – варе́ньем (jam)
Exceptions: the nouns that end in -я: remove -я, add -енем:
и́мя – и́менем (name)
вре́мя – вре́менем (time)
ending or description | how to change | examples |
---|---|---|
masculine | ||
й | -й / + ем (ём) | край – кра́ем |
ь | -ь / + ем (ём) | конь – конём |
unstressed, ж, ш, ч, щ, ц | +ем | за́яц – за́йцем |
all others | +ом | дом - до́мом |
feminine | ||
ь | -ь / +ю | дверь – две́рью |
я | -я / +ей (ёй) | ста́нция – ста́нцией |
а | -а / +ой | луна́ – луно́й |
жа, ша, ща, ча | -а / +ей | ко́жа – ко́жей |
neuter | ||
я | -я / +енем | и́мя– и́менем |
all other letters | +м | лицо́ – лицо́м |
Practice today’s examples with the audio track.
In this lesson, we start learning the Instrumental case. Here you can find the general explanation and the prepositions used with the Instrumental case. In the following lessons we will learn to form the Instrumental case with Russian nouns and pronouns. Study the lesson »